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EGG PRODUCTION IN CHINA: CURRENT STATUS AND OUTLOOK

Ning YANG

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2021, Volume 8, Issue 1,   Pages 25-34 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020363

Abstract: Eggs are one of the most nutritious and affordable animal products worldwide. From 1985, egg production in China has retained the leading place in the world. A total of 33 Mt of eggs were produced in 2019 representing ˃ 40% of the world total production. Egg production in China is characterized by diversity in several aspects, including layer breeds, products and production systems. New breeds and synthetic lines are developed to improve the genetic potentials of egg production and feed efficiency of layers. In the past, layer farms were run mostly by small households with 100 to 1000 layers per farm. Over the past decades, egg production in China has developed toward standardization and expansion of production systems, and many of these modern intensive farms raise millions of layers. Although the Chinese egg products maintain strong competitiveness over other animal products and imported egg products, the egg industry will grow at a slower pace compared to the past. Chinese consumers are more concerned about the quality and safety of eggs and egg products, as well as the environmental issues related to animal production, which presents challenges for the Chinese egg industry.

Keywords： poultry farms     China     diversity     egg production     trends    

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EGG PRODUCTION IN CHINA: CURRENT STATUS AND OUTLOOK

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2021, Volume 8, Issue 1,   Pages 25-34

Abstract:

• China is now the largest egg production country worldwide

• Egg production in China is characterized by diversity in several aspects

• China is now capable of breeding new varieties, with more than 50% of the market share

• Policies have been implemented to ensure sustainable development of egg production

• Integrating crop-chicken-vegetable production system is established

 

Eggs are one of the most nutritious and affordable animal products worldwide. From 1985, egg production in China has retained the leading place in the world. A total of 33 Mt of eggs were produced in 2019 representing ˃ 40% of the world total production. Egg production in China is characterized by diversity in several aspects, including layer breeds, products and production systems. New breeds and synthetic lines are developed to improve the genetic potentials of egg production and feed efficiency of layers. In the past, layer farms were run mostly by small households with 100 to 1000 layers per farm. Over the past decades, egg production in China has developed toward standardization and expansion of production systems, and many of these modern intensive farms raise millions of layers. Although the Chinese egg products maintain strong competitiveness over other animal products and imported egg products, the egg industry will grow at a slower pace compared to the past. Chinese consumers are more concerned about the quality and safety of eggs and egg products, as well as the environmental issues related to animal production, which presents challenges for the Chinese egg industry.

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Arsenic in the treatment of newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia: current status and future research

Jiong HU

Frontiers of Medicine 2011, Volume 5, Issue 1,   Pages 45-52 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0117-y

Abstract:

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia. In past decades, intensive studies on the biology and treatment of this disease have resulted in a remarkably thorough understanding of its pathogenesis and improvement of treatment outcomes. In particular, the introduction of all-trans retinoic acid to conventional chemotherapy improved dramatically the remission and survival rates of APL patients and consequently became the major treatment modality for it. In the last decade, the groundbreaking development of arsenic further improved the survival rate of APL patients. As the most active agent in APL, arsenic directly degrades the PML-RARα fusion transcript, leading to the differentiation and apoptosis of leukemia cells and the potential eradication of APL leukemia-initiating cells (LICs), thus making the disease a potentially curable type of leukemia. More notably, the recent development of oral arsenic compounds may further enhance not only clinical outcomes but also the convenience of patients, which may dramatically change the APL clinical scenario in the near future.

Keywords： acute promyelocytic leukemia     arsenic     all-trans retinoic acid     survival    

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Laparoscopic surgery for pancreatic lesions: current status and future

Taiping Zhang, Xiao Du, Yupei Zhao

Frontiers of Medicine 2011, Volume 5, Issue 3,   Pages 277-282 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0147-5

Abstract: Laparoscopic pancreatic surgery has been gaining increasing recognition in recent years, and its practice has increased despite its highly complex procedure and longer learning curve compared with surgeries for other abdominal organs. Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy and tumor enucleation are two of the fastest-growing techniques and are currently in wide use because of their comparable technical simplicity. Literature review showed that laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy and enucleation are safe and efficient approaches for benign and low-degree malignant tumors; however, the indication for malignant tumors remains controversial. Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy is practiced in a limited number of surgical centers and presented as case reports or in small series. Although its feasibility was demonstrated by many surgeons, whether the laparoscopic procedure can achieve benefits comparable to or even more prominent than those of an open procedure has not been clinically proven. Prospective, randomized, controlled trials of laparoscopic operation versus open pancreatic surgery are necessary to justify the wide application and routine practice of the laparoscopic procedure for pancreatic lesions.

Keywords： minimally invasive surgery     pancreatic surgery     pancreatic neoplasm     distal pancreatic lesions     pancreatic fistula    

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Current status and prospects of reliability systems engineering in China

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2021, Volume 8, Issue 4,   Pages 492-502 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0172-2

Abstract: This study provides a systematic overview of the advent and evolution of reliability systems engineering (RSE) in China, and the latest RSE development, that is, model-based RSE (MBRSE), is emphatically introduced. The establishment of the system architecture and conceptual models of MBRSE is first described. The fundamental theory and methodology of MBRSE are then elaborated, with a V-model as the core of this approach. The development of various MBRSE platforms and the effectiveness of their implementation over the past 30 years are presented. The prospective trends in the development of RSE in China are outlined.

Keywords： reliability     effectiveness     model-based systems engineering     reliability systems engineering    

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Energy and environment in Chinese rural housing: Current status and future perspective

Xudong YANG, Yi JIANG, Ming YANG, Ming SHAN,

Frontiers in Energy 2010, Volume 4, Issue 1,   Pages 35-46 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0001-5

Abstract: Possible causes are analyzed, the current status explained and possible development trends predicted.

Keywords： rural energy     energy-saving     sustainability    

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Natural killer cells in hepatocellular carcinoma: current status and perspectives for future immunotherapeutic

Min Yu, Zonghai Li

Frontiers of Medicine 2017, Volume 11, Issue 4,   Pages 509-521 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0546-3

Abstract: obtain comprehensive insights into the putative influence of NK cells on HCC, this paper summarizes current

Keywords： natural killer cell     hepatocellular carcinoma     immunotherapy    

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Review of aeroelasticity for wind turbine: Current status, research focus and future perspectives

Pinting ZHANG, Shuhong HUANG

Frontiers in Energy 2011, Volume 5, Issue 4,   Pages 419-434 doi: 10.1007/s11708-011-0166-6

Abstract: turbine is reviewed and the aeroelastic models for wind turbine blade are described, based on which, the current

Keywords： wind turbine     aeroelasticity     aeroelastic code    

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Phosphorene: Current status, challenges and opportunities

Anandarup Goswami, Manoj B. Gawande

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2019, Volume 13, Issue 2,   Pages 296-309 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1783-y

Abstract: the past, and ongoing research activities, this short account offers a brief overview of the present status

Keywords： phosphorene     black phosphorous     anisotropy     single layer     thermoelectric     chemical vapor deposition     catalysis     battery     supercapacitor    

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Prevention and treatment of pancreatic fistula after pancreatic body and tail resection: current status

Li Jiang, Deng Ning, Xiaoping Chen

Frontiers of Medicine 2020, Volume 14, Issue 3,   Pages 251-261 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0727-3

Abstract: Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is the most common and critical complication after pancreatic body and tail resection. How to effectively reduce the occurrence of pancreatic fistula and conduct timely treatment thereafter is an urgent clinical issue to be solved. Recent research standardized the definition of pancreatic fistula and stressed the correlation between POPF classification and patient prognosis. According to the literature, identification of the risk factors for pancreatic fistula contributed to lowering the rate of the complication. Appropriate management of the pancreatic stump and perioperative treatment are of great significance to reduce the rate of POPF in clinical practice. After the occurrence of POPF, the treatment of choice should be determined according to the classification of the pancreatic fistula. However, despite the progress and promising treatment approaches, POPF remains to be a clinical issue that warrants further studies in the future.

Keywords： pancreatic fistula     pancreatic body and tail resection     distal pancreatectomy    

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Immunotherapy-based combination strategies for treatment of gastrointestinal cancers: current status

Chenfei Zhou, Jun Zhang

Frontiers of Medicine 2019, Volume 13, Issue 1,   Pages 12-23 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0685-9

Abstract: This review discusses the current status of combining immune checkpoint inhibitors with molecular targeted

Keywords： gastrointestinal cancer     immune checkpoint inhibitor     combination therapy    

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Semi-solid materials for controlled release drug formulation: current status and future prospects

Michelle TRAN,Chun WANG

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2014, Volume 8, Issue 2,   Pages 225-232 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1429-7

Abstract: Semi-solid materials represent an important category of inactive ingredients (excipients) of pharmaceutical products. Here we review several common semi-solid polymers currently used in the controlled release formulations of many drugs. These polymers are selected based on their importance and broad scope of application in FDA-approved drug products and include several polysaccharides (cellulose, starch, chitosan, alginate) and carbomers, a group of mucoadhesive synthetic polymers. Glyceride-based polymers used in self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) will also be discussed for its importance in formulating poorly water-soluble drugs. Unique features and advantages of each type of semi-solid materials are discussed and examples of their use in oral delivery of drugs are provided. Finally, future prospects of developing new and better semi-solid excipients are discussed with the objective of facilitating clinical translation.

Keywords： controlled release     drug delivery     semi-solids     polymer     excipient    

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Comparative analysis of energy use in China building sector: current status, existing problems and solutions

Shengyuan ZHANG, Xiu YANG, Yi JIANG, Qingpeng WEI,

Frontiers in Energy 2010, Volume 4, Issue 1,   Pages 2-21 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0023-z

Abstract: Energy use in buildings has attracted more and more attention due to its significant proportion in the energy pan of the world. China is the second largest energy user, yet the situation of energy use in the China building sector remains unclear, due to problems of statistics and data processing and problematic use of these data. In this paper, a series of methods is developed, in the first place, to give strict definitions of energy data and to divide energy use into 4 sub-sectors according to the unique situation of China. Then, each sub-sector is further analyzed through international comparisons. Existing problems of energy use and solutions for energy reduction in each sub-sector are also discussed. Accordingly, it is found that China uses much less energy, in terms of both per capita and unit area, in buildings than developed countries. The difference in energy use could be attributed, in large part, to lifestyles of local people, which could determine their way of energy use but is more determined by cultural concepts than by others such as income, technique and so on, especially in China. However, to fulfill the requirements of lifestyles with higher living standards and lower energy consumption, technological innovations are needed.

Keywords： building energy use     lifestyle and technology     residential building     commercial building     rural building    

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Current status of municipal wastewater treatment plants in North-east China: implications for reforming

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 6, doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1673-5

Abstract:

● The performance and costs of 20 municipal WWTPs were analyzed.

Keywords： Low temperature     Municipal WWTPs     Cold region     Electricity consumption     Nitrogen removal    

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Stem cell research in hepatocellular carcinoma

SUN Chengyi, ZUO Shi

Frontiers of Medicine 2008, Volume 2, Issue 1,   Pages 1-4 doi: 10.1007/s11684-008-0001-6

Abstract: In this review, we focus on the current status of liver stem cell research and their roles in carcinogenesis

Keywords： lineage     hepato-pancreas     differentiation block     carcinogenesis     current status    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

EGG PRODUCTION IN CHINA: CURRENT STATUS AND OUTLOOK

Ning YANG

Journal Article

EGG PRODUCTION IN CHINA: CURRENT STATUS AND OUTLOOK

Journal Article

Arsenic in the treatment of newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia: current status and future research

Jiong HU

Journal Article

Laparoscopic surgery for pancreatic lesions: current status and future

Taiping Zhang, Xiao Du, Yupei Zhao

Journal Article

Current status and prospects of reliability systems engineering in China

Journal Article

Energy and environment in Chinese rural housing: Current status and future perspective

Xudong YANG, Yi JIANG, Ming YANG, Ming SHAN,

Journal Article

Natural killer cells in hepatocellular carcinoma: current status and perspectives for future immunotherapeutic

Min Yu, Zonghai Li

Journal Article

Review of aeroelasticity for wind turbine: Current status, research focus and future perspectives

Pinting ZHANG, Shuhong HUANG

Journal Article

Phosphorene: Current status, challenges and opportunities

Anandarup Goswami, Manoj B. Gawande

Journal Article

Prevention and treatment of pancreatic fistula after pancreatic body and tail resection: current status

Li Jiang, Deng Ning, Xiaoping Chen

Journal Article

Immunotherapy-based combination strategies for treatment of gastrointestinal cancers: current status

Chenfei Zhou, Jun Zhang

Journal Article

Semi-solid materials for controlled release drug formulation: current status and future prospects

Michelle TRAN,Chun WANG

Journal Article

Comparative analysis of energy use in China building sector: current status, existing problems and solutions

Shengyuan ZHANG, Xiu YANG, Yi JIANG, Qingpeng WEI,

Journal Article

Current status of municipal wastewater treatment plants in North-east China: implications for reforming

Journal Article

Stem cell research in hepatocellular carcinoma

SUN Chengyi, ZUO Shi

Journal Article